إشكاليات نظام الملكية الفكرية والتحولات التقنية في الذكاء الاصطناعي: دراسة تحليلية


Date Published : 15 December 2025

Contributors

TaqiAddin Nashwan Abdulrahman Hasan

Author

Syahirah Abdul Shukor

Author

Keywords

Intellectual Property Technological Transformations Artificial Intelligence الملكية الفكرية التحولات التقنية الذكاء الاصطناعي

Proceeding

Track

Article

License

Copyright (c) 2025 TaqiAddin Nashwan Abdulrahman Hasan; Syahirah Abdul Shukor;

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Abstract

 

This research aims to analyze the impact of technological transformations associated with artificial intelligence on the structure of the intellectual property system, with a particular focus on educational and research environments witnessing an accelerated adoption of generative models and creative automation tools. The research begins with the problematic overlap between human creativity and machine-generated outputs, and the resulting confusion over the concepts of authorship and innovation. This confusion reveals normative gaps in copyright, patents, and database protection within national and international frameworks. The study adopts a comparative analytical approach that combines a review of recent literature with an extrapolation of regulatory trends and relevant international standards, with the aim of characterizing areas of inconsistency between existing rules and the requirements of the contemporary digital environment. The results reveal a significant shortcoming in the definition of authorship for machine-generated outputs, weak mechanisms for attributing sources and documentation in academic institutions, and limited practical awareness of the rules governing the use of training data and content licensing. The findings also highlight the potential of supporting technological solutions such as smart documentation and blockchain in enhancing transparency, establishing lineage, and tracking uses, thus contributing to reducing ownership disputes and facilitating compliance. The study recommends updating the legal framework for defining smart creativity and setting the standard for the creative step of generative outputs. It also recommends strengthening data policies and fair licensing in the context of training, while adopting standard digital documentation systems within universities and research centers. It also proposes launching awareness and capacity-building programs for researchers and students, establishing specialized units to protect digital intellectual property, and enhancing regional and international coordination to formulate common reference principles that respond to technological transformations, ensuring a practical balance between stimulating innovation and protecting rights.

الملخص

يستهدف هذا البحث تحليل أثر التحولات التقنية المرتبطة بالذكاء الاصطناعي في بنية نظام الملكية الفكرية، مع تركيز خاص على بيئات التعليم والبحث التي تشهد تسارعًا في تبنّي النماذج التوليدية وأدوات الأتمتة الإبداعية. ينطلق البحث من إشكالية تداخُل الإبداع البشري مع المخرجات الآلية وما يترتب عليه من التباس في مفاهيم المؤلفية والابتكار، وما يكشفه ذلك من فجوات معيارية في حقوق المؤلف وبراءات الاختراع وحماية قواعد البيانات ضمن الإطارين الوطني والدولي. وتعتمد الدراسة منهجًا تحليليًا مقارنًا يجمع بين مراجعة الأدبيات الحديثة واستقراء اتجاهات التنظيم والمعايير الدولية ذات الصلة، بهدف توصيف مواضع عدم الاتساق بين القواعد القائمة ومتطلبات البيئة الرقمية المعاصرة. وتُظهر النتائج وجود قصور ملحوظ في تعريف المؤلفية للمخرجات المُولَّدة آليًا، وضعف آليات إسناد المصادر والتوثيق في المؤسسات الأكاديمية، إلى جانب محدودية الوعي العملي بالقواعد الناظمة لاستخدام بيانات التدريب وترخيص المحتوى. كما تُبرز النتائج إمكانات حلول تقنية داعمة مثل التوثيق الذكي وسلاسل الكتل في تعزيز الشفافية، وإثبات النَّسَب، وتتبع الاستخدامات بما يسهم في تقليل منازعات الملكية وتيسير الامتثال. وتوصي الدراسة بتحديث الإطار القانوني لتعريف الإبداع الذكائي وضبط معيار الخطوة الإبداعية للمخرجات التوليدية، وتدعيم سياسات البيانات والترخيص العادل في سياق التدريب، مع تبنّي أنظمة توثيق رقمية معيارية داخل الجامعات ومراكز البحث. كما تقترح إطلاق برامج توعية وبناء قدرات للباحثين والطلاب، وإنشاء وحدات متخصصة لحماية الملكية الفكرية الرقمية، وتعزيز التنسيق الإقليمي والدولي لبلورة مبادئ مرجعية مشتركة تستجيب للتحولات التقنية، بما يضمن توازنًا عمليًا بين تحفيز الابتكار وصون الحقوق.

References

The Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet.
Abu Sharia, A. K. (2022). Protection of intellectual property in the digital environment: Challenges of artificial intelligence. Amman, Jordan: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami’i.
Amer, A. H. (2022). Artificial intelligence creations and intellectual property protection laws. Journal of Legal Research, 12(1), 77–102.
Hamdan, I. (2020). Procedural protection of intellectual property rights. Amman, Jordan: Dar Al-Fikr.
Al-Khouri, M. A. (2023). The role of academic institutions in safeguarding digital intellectual property: A case study of the Emirates Academy for Identity and Citizenship. Journal of Law and Digital Economy, 15(2), 112–135.
Artificial intelligence in the Arab world: Intellectual property challenges. (2023). Center for Digital Legal Studies, Cairo. Available at SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4465609
Ramsi, W. S. (2023). Artificial intelligence and intellectual property rights: Features, risks, and future implications. Helwan University Journal of Intellectual Property, 10(1), 23–50.
Al-Zaabi, A. H. (2021). UAE legislation for the protection of electronic works: A comparative analytical study. Emirates Journal of Legal Studies, 27(4), 78–101.
Zubi, R. (2021). Institutional protection of intellectual property rights: Awareness and challenges in governance. Arab Journal of Intellectual Property Studies, 3(1), 15–40.
Amer, A. H. (2022). Artificial intelligence creations and intellectual property protection laws. Journal of Legal Research, 12(1), 77–102.
Weshah, H. (2022). Protection of intellectual property rights for university theses in the digital environment. Journal of Graduate Studies, 5(2), 45–68.
Al-Ali, S. A. (2024). Artificial intelligence and copyright: Towards a future legal framework in the United Arab Emirates. Arab Forum for Intellectual Property.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2023). Report on the ethics of artificial intelligence and its impact on culture and creativity. Paris, France: UNESCO. Available at: https://www.unesco.org/ar/artificial-intelligence/recommendation-ethics
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). (2024). World Intellectual Property Report: Artificial intelligence and the future of innovation. Geneva, Switzerland. Available at: https://www.wipo.int/ar/web/world-ip-report/2024/index
Hadima, A. H. (2023). Comparative study between Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE on legislation related to intellectual property of artificial intelligence creations. Arab Journal of Legal Studies, 8(3), 101–130.
Ramsi, W. S. (2023). Artificial intelligence and intellectual property rights: Features, risks, and future implications. Helwan University Journal of Intellectual Property, 10(1), 23–50.
Younes, F. M. (2020). Intellectual property in the era of digital transformation: Challenges and legal prospects. Beirut, Lebanon: Arab Center for Legal Studies.
Al Ali, K., et al. (2024). Intellectual property law in the UAE: Current status and future challenges. Dubai, UAE: UAE Academic Press.
Analytics Insight. (2025). Artificial intelligence and digital content rights. Retrieved from https://www.analyticsinsight.net/ai-and-digital-rights
Chun, J., Schroeder de Witt, C., & Elkins, K. (2023). Comparative study of AI IP laws: United States, Europe, and China. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, 18(2), 145-168. https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpac123
Dentons. (2025). Legal challenges and intellectual property rights in AI innovations. Retrieved from https://www.dentons.com/en/insights/articles/2025/january/legal-challenges-and-ip-rights-in-ai
Eid, O. (2023). Artificial intelligence in the Arab world: Intellectual property challenges. SSRN. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4465609
Li, J., & Huang, Q. (2025). Intellectual property protection in the age of AI. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA), 16(4), 123-135. https://thesai.org/Downloads/Volume16No4/Paper_24-Intellectual_Property_Protection_in_the_Age_of_AI.pdf
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2025). Intellectual property issues in AI trained on scraped data. Paris, France: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264305272-en
Saudi Authority for Intellectual Property. (2025). Legal strategies in the age of artificial intelligence. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: SAIP. https://saip.gov.sa/en/publications
UNESCO. (2023). Ethical considerations of artificial intelligence. Paris, France: UNESCO Publishing. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000377897
United Arab Emirates Government. (2024). Federal intellectual property law (2024 ed.). Abu Dhabi, UAE: Ministry of Economy. https://www.economy.gov.ae/en/legal-framework/ip
United States Copyright Office. (2023). AI-generated content and the law. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Publishing Office. https://www.copyright.gov/policy/artificial-intelligence/
USC Intellectual Property and Technology Law Society. (2025). Emerging challenges in AI and intellectual property. Los Angeles, CA: USC Law.
Vaultinum. (2025). AI and intellectual property: Protection challenges and opportunities. Retrieved from https://www.vaultinum.com/reports/ai-ip-challenges
World Economic Forum. (2023). Economic impact of intellectual property protection in the digital age. Geneva, Switzerland: WEF. https://www.weforum.org/reports/economic-impact-of-ip-protection
World Intellectual Property Organization. (2023–2024). Intellectual property reports and magazines. Geneva, Switzerland: WIPO. https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/
Yadav, R. K. (2025). Artificial intelligence and intellectual property rights. New Delhi, India: Springer Publishing.
Zuaibi, R. (2021). Institutional protection of intellectual property: Awareness and governance challenges. Journal of Arab Intellectual Property Studies, 5(1), 10-36.

Downloads

How to Cite

TaqiAddin Nashwan Abdulrahman Hasan, T. N. A. H., & Syahirah, S. (2025). إشكاليات نظام الملكية الفكرية والتحولات التقنية في الذكاء الاصطناعي: دراسة تحليلية. International Conference on Syariah, Law and Science (CFORSJ I-CONF) - CFORSJ Procedia, 3(1), 353-376. https://alnadwah.usim.edu.my/cforsjprocedia/paper/view/160