PELAKSANAAN HUKUMAN QISAS DALAM SISTEM PERUNDANGAN DI MALAYSIA: SATU ANALISIS MENGENAI KESESUAIANNYA

Qisas punishment constitutes one of the important forms of implementing justice within the Islamic criminal law system, aiming to uphold justice for victims while simultaneously preserving social harmony. However, there remains confusion among certain segments of society in understanding qisas punishment, largely due to the limited discussion surrounding it, particularly in relation to its practicability within the Malaysian legal system. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate and analyse the wisdom behind the implementation of qisas punishment based on Islamic legal sources, as well as to assess its suitability from the perspective of justice. This study adopts a qualitative approach involving content analysis of scholarly literature, classical turath texts, and the views of both classical and contemporary Islamic scholars concerning the implementation and wisdom of qisas punishment, with particular emphasis on evaluating its compatibility with the Malaysian legal system. The findings indicate that qisas punishment is not merely an act of retribution, but rather an educational and crime-preventive mechanism grounded in the principles of justice, responsibility and compassion. Moreover, its implementation allows room for the concepts of forgiveness and financial compensation (diyah), symbolising a balance between individual rights and public interest in ensuring justice for crime victims. This study is significant in clarifying the wisdom and implementation of qisas punishment, which is often perceived as inhumane and irrelevant to contemporary circumstances, and in strengthening public understanding of the philosophy of Islamic law, which is frequently marginalised in mainstream discourse. Overall, the objective of implementing qisas not only reflects absolute justice but also demonstrates the meticulous nature of Islamic law in balancing the spiritual and social needs of humanity, thereby affirming its relevance within the contemporary legal context.

Hukuman qisas merupakan antara salah satu bentuk pelaksanaan keadilan yang penting dalam sistem perundangan jenayah Islam yang bertujuan untuk menegakkan keadilan terhadap mangsa dan juga memelihara keharmonian sosial dalam masa yang sama. Walau bagaimanapun, wujud kekeliruan sesetengah pihak dalam memahami hukuman qisas berikutan tidak banyak dibahaskan terutamanya dalam konteks kebolehlaksanannya dalam sistem perundangan di Malaysia. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai dan menganalisis hikmah pelaksanaan hukuman qisas berdasarkan sumber hukum Islam serta menilai kesesuaianya daripada sudut keadilan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang melibatkan analisis kandungan terhadap literatur ilmiah, kitab turath serta pandangan para sarjana Islam terdahulu dan kontemporari berkaitan pelaksanaan dan hikmah hukuman qisas khususnya dalam menilai kesesuaiannya dengan sistem perundangan di Malaysia. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa hukuman qisas bukan hanya untuk pembalasan tetapi merupakan satu kaedah pendidikan dan pencegahan jenayah yang berasaskan prinsip keadilan, tanggungjawab dan ihsan. Selain itu, pelaksanaannya turut membuka ruang kepada konsep kemaafan serta denda sebagai simbol keseimbangan antara hak individu dan kemaslahatan umum demi memberikan keadilan terhadap mangsa jenayah. Kajian ini penting bagi memperjelas pelaksanaan hukuman qisas yang kadangkala dianggap tidak berperikemanusiaan serta tidak releven dengan situasi semasa masyarakat dan pada masa yang sama memperkukuh kefahaman masyarakat terhadap falsafah hukum Islam yang sering diketepikan dalam perbincangan arus perdana. Secara keseluruhannya, tujuan pelaksanaan qisas bukan sahaja menggambarkan keadilan yang mutlak tetapi turut mencerminkan ketelitian hukum Islam dalam menyeimbangkan keperluan rohani dan sosial manusia yang menjadikannya relevan dalam konteks perundangan semasa.