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International Conference on Syariah, Law and Science (CFORSJ i-CONF) - CFORSJ Procedia

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KERANGKA PERUNDANGAN DAN PEMAKAIAN KETERANGAN DIGITAL DI MAHKAMAH SYARIAH DAN MAHKAMAH SIVIL DI MALAYSIA

Date Published : 30 December 2025

Contributors

Suhaizad Saifuddin

Author

Nurul Rafeeqa Afdul Mutolip

Author

Mervyn @ Hasan Sainy

Author

Keywords

Evidence Digital Evidence Civil Courts Shariah Courts Legal Harmonization Pembuktian Keterangan digital Mahkamah Sivil Mahkamah Syariah

Proceeding

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): CFORSJ Procedia

Track

Article

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Suhaizad Saifuddin; Nurul Rafeeqa Afdul Mutolip; Mervyn @ Hasan Sainy;

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Abstract

 

The advancement of digital technology has revolutionized legal systems, particularly in the acceptance and application of digital documentary evidence in courts.  This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the application of digital documentary evidence in the Civil Courts and Shariah Courts in Malaysia by examining the legislative frameworks and evidentiary principles employed by both legal systems. The methodology of this study employs a qualitative approach with document analysis of substantive legal provisions, including the Evidence Act 1950, Shariah Court Evidence Enactments, and selected case decisions from both jurisdictions. The findings indicate that while both court systems accept digital documents as evidence, there are significant differences in terms of the degree of acceptance, evidentiary standards, and authentication verification procedures. The study also reveals that the integrity of digital evidence is increasingly threatened by the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and deep-fake technologies, which can manipulate multimedia elements, thereby complicating the authentication verification process. In conclusion, this study proposes a harmonization process of the Shariah Court legal framework with the Evidence Act 1950, accompanied by the enhancement of technical guidelines for digital document verification and improvements to specific legal provisions to address contemporary technological challenges. These measures are expected to ensure that digital evidence is recognized consistently and effectively in Shariah Courts.

 

 

Kemajuan teknologi digital telah merevolusikan sistem perundangan, terutamanya dalam aspek penerimaan dan penggunaan keterangan dokumen digital di mahkamah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara perbandingan pemakaian keterangan dokumen digital di Mahkamah Sivil dan Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia dengan meneliti rangka kerja perundangan dan prinsip pembuktian yang diguna pakai oleh kedua-dua sistem perundangan tersebut.  Metodologi kajian ini dilaksanakan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis dokumen terhadap peruntukan undang-undang substantif termasuk Akta Keterangan 1950, Enakmen Keterangan Mahkamah Syariah, serta keputusan-keputusan kes terpilih dari kedua-sistem. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa walaupun kedua-dua sistem mahkamah menerima dokumen digital sebagai alat bukti, terdapat perbezaan signifikan dari segi tahap penerimaan, standard pembuktian, dan prosedur verifikasi ketulenan. Kajian ini juga mendedahkan bahawa integriti keterangan digital semakin terancam dengan kemunculan teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) dan deepfake yang mampu memanipulasi elemen multimedia sehingga menyukarkan proses pengesahan kesahihan.  Sebagai penutup, kajian ini mencadangkan proses harmoni kerangka perundangan Mahkamah Syariah dengan Akta Keterangan 1950, disertai dengan pemerkasaan garis panduan teknikal untuk pengesahan dokumen digital dan penambahbaikan peruntukan undang-undang khusus bagi menangani cabaran teknologi semasa.  Langkah-langkah ini diharapkan dapat memastikan keterangan digital diiktiraf secara konsisten dan efektif di Mahkamah Syariah.

 

 

 

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How to Cite

Suhaizad Saifuddin, S. S., Nurul Rafeeqa Afdul Mutolip, N. R. A. M., & Mervyn @ Hasan Sainy, M. @ H. S. (2025). ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KERANGKA PERUNDANGAN DAN PEMAKAIAN KETERANGAN DIGITAL DI MAHKAMAH SYARIAH DAN MAHKAMAH SIVIL DI MALAYSIA. International Conference on Syariah, Law and Science (CFORSJ I-CONF) - CFORSJ Procedia, 3(1), 446-459. https://alnadwah.usim.edu.my/cforsjprocedia/paper/view/217