BUKTI SAINTIFIK DALAM PEMBUKTIAN JENAYAH PERJUDIAN: ANALISIS TERHADAP AMALAN DI MAHKAMAH SIVIL DAN MAHKAMAH SYARIAH MALAYSIA

This study examines the necessity of utilising scientific evidence in the process of proving gambling offences in Malaysia, with a focus on the jurisdictions of both the Civil Courts and the Syariah Courts. The rising incidence of gambling cases, particularly online gambling, demands a more systematic legal approach that is grounded in valid and court-admissible scientific evidence. This study adopts a qualitative research design using content analysis of legal documents such as the Evidence Act 1950 [Act 56] and the Syariah Court Evidence (Federal Territories) Act 1997 [Act 561]. The analysis also includes past judicial cases to assess the extent to which scientific evidence has been applied and accepted in court proceedings. Findings indicate that scientific evidence—such as forensic document analysis, fingerprint identification, CCTV recordings, and computer forensics—plays a significant role in establishing the guilt of accused individuals in gambling offences. However, several challenges persist, including limitations in technical expertise, procedural inconsistencies between the two legal systems, and the need for specialised training for investigation officers and judges. This study recommends strengthening the integration between forensic science and legal practice through policy enhancement, professional training, and the development of standardised frameworks for scientific evidence, in order to ensure justice and transparency in Malaysia’s judicial system.

Kajian ini meneliti keperluan penggunaan bukti saintifik dalam proses pembuktian jenayah perjudian di Malaysia, dengan memberi tumpuan terhadap bidang kuasa Mahkamah Sivil dan Mahkamah Syariah. Fenomena peningkatan kes perjudian, khususnya perjudian dalam talian, menuntut kepada pendekatan perundangan yang lebih sistematik dan berpaksikan kepada bukti saintifik yang sahih serta boleh diterima oleh mahkamah. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kualitatif melalui kaedah analisis kandungan terhadap dokumen perundangan seperti Akta Keterangan 1950 [Akta 56] dan Akta Keterangan Mahkamah Syariah (Wilayah-Wilayah Persekutuan) 1997 [Akta 561]. Analisis turut melibatkan kes-kes terdahulu bagi menilai sejauh mana penerimaan keterangan saintifik diaplikasikan dalam prosiding kehakiman. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa bukti saintifik seperti analisis dokumen forensik, cap jari, rakaman CCTV, dan forensik komputer amat signifikan dalam mensabitkan kesalahan tertuduh dalam kes perjudian. Namun begitu, beberapa cabaran masih wujud, antaranya kekangan kepakaran teknikal, ketidakseragaman prosedur antara dua sistem kehakiman, serta keperluan latihan khusus bagi pegawai penyiasat dan hakim. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar integrasi antara bidang sains forensik dan perundangan diperkukuh melalui dasar, latihan, dan pembangunan piawaian bukti saintifik bagi memastikan keadilan dan ketelusan sistem kehakiman di Malaysia.